@article {13,
	title = {A comparison of DNA extraction procedures for the detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, in clinical and environmental specimens.},
	journal = {J Microbiol Methods},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009 Feb},
	pages = {152-8},
	abstract = {<p>Mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of Buruli ulcer, the third most common mycobacterial disease in humans after tuberculosis and leprosy. Although the disease is associated with aquatic ecosystems, cultivation of the bacillus from the environment is difficult to achieve. Therefore, at the moment, research is based on the detection by PCR of the insertion sequence IS2404 present in M. ulcerans and some closely related mycobacteria. In the present study, we compared four DNA extraction methods for detection of M. ulcerans DNA, namely the one tube cell lysis and DNA extraction procedure (OT), the FastPrep procedure (FP), the modified Boom procedure (MB), and the Maxwell 16 Procedure (M16). The methods were performed on serial dilutions of M. ulcerans, followed by PCR analysis with different PCR targets in M. ulcerans to determine the detection limit (DL) of each method. The purity of the extracted DNA and the time and effort needed were compared as well. All methods were performed on environmental specimens and the two best methods (MB and M16) were tested on clinical specimens for detection of M. ulcerans DNA. When comparing the DLs of the DNA extraction methods, the MB and M16 had a significantly lower DL than the OT and FP. For the different PCR targets, IS2404 showed a significantly lower DL than mlsA, MIRU1, MIRU5 and VNTR6. The FP and M16 were considerably faster than the MB and OT, while the purity of the DNA extracted with the MB was significantly higher than the DNA extracted with the other methods. The MB performed best on the environmental and clinical specimens. This comparative study shows that the modified Boom procedure, although lengthy, provides a better method of DNA extraction than the other methods tested for detection and identification of M. ulcerans in both clinical and environmental specimens.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Buruli Ulcer, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, Plant, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Sensitivity and Specificity, Soil Microbiology, Water Microbiology},
	issn = {0167-7012},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mimet.2008.10.002},
	author = {Durnez, Lies and Stragier, Pieter and Roebben, Karen and Ablordey, Anthony and Leirs, Herwig and Portaels, Fran{\c c}oise}
}
@article {9,
	title = {VNTR analysis differentiates Mycobacterium ulcerans and IS2404 positive mycobacteria.},
	journal = {Syst Appl Microbiol},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007 Nov},
	pages = {525-30},
	abstract = {<p>In recent years, numerous IS2404 positive mycobacteria have been identified, compromising the detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans. In this study, variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) analysis was successfully applied on cultures and tissue specimens to differentiate all currently known IS2404 positive mycobacteria from M. ulcerans.</p>},
	keywords = {Bacterial Typing Techniques, Chromosomes, Bacterial, Cluster Analysis, DNA Transposable Elements, Minisatellite Repeats, Mycobacterium},
	issn = {0723-2020},
	doi = {10.1016/j.syapm.2007.06.001},
	author = {Stragier, Pieter and Ablordey, Anthony and Durnez, Lies and Portaels, Fran{\c c}oise}
}
